轮台城头夜吹角,轮台城北旄头落。
羽书昨夜过渠黎,单于已在金山西。
戍楼西望烟尘黑,汉军屯在轮台北。
上将拥旄西出征,平明吹笛大军行。
四边伐鼓雪海涌,三军大呼阴山动。
虏塞兵气连云屯,战场白骨缠草根。
剑河风急云片阔,沙口石冻马蹄脱。
亚相勤王甘苦辛,誓将报主静边尘。
古来青史谁不见,今见功名胜古人。
译文:轮台城头夜里吹起了阵阵号角,轮台城北预兆胡人的昴星坠落。紧急的军书昨夜飞速送过渠黎,报告单于的骑兵已到了金山西。从岗楼上西望只看见烟尘弥漫,汉家的军马屯驻在轮台的城北。封将军拥旌节衔亲自出去西征,凌晨吹号集合了大军威武前进。四方的战鼓雷动宛如雪海汹涌,三军的喊声轰鸣象是阴山震动。敌营上空的乌云屯集气氛阴沉,战场上的尸骨与草根纠缠不清。剑河风急吹得阴云布满了天空,沙口石冻快把虎马的铁蹄冻脱。封亚相为了王事勤劳含辛茹苦,发誓报答君主平定边境的烟尘。自古来英雄名垂青史谁人不见?而今可见封将军功名胜过古人。
作者:岑参(约715-770),唐代边塞诗人,中书令岑文本曾孙,祖籍南阳(今属河南),后徙居江陵(今属湖北)。官至嘉州刺史,世称岑嘉州。岑参工诗,长于七言歌行,代表作是《白雪歌送武判官归京》。现存诗三百六十首。对边塞风光,军旅生活,以及少数民族的文化风俗有亲切的感受,故其边塞诗尤多佳作。风格与高适相近,后人多并称“高岑”。有《岑参集》十卷,已佚。今有《岑嘉州集》七卷(或为八卷)行世。《全唐诗》编诗四卷。
赏析:这首七古与《走马川行奉送封大夫出师西征》内容不同,《走马川行奉送封大夫出师西征》未写战斗,是通过将士顶风冒雪的夜行军情景烘托必胜之势;此诗则直写战阵之事,具体手法也有所不同。全诗可分为四层。
英译:
A SONG OF WHEEL TOWER IN FAREWELL TO GENERAL
FENG OF THE WESTERN EXPEDITION
Cen Can
On Wheel Tower parapets night-bugles are blowing,
Though the flag at the northern end hangs limp.
Scouts, in the darkness, are passing Quli,
Where, west of the Hill of Gold, the Tartar chieftain has halted
We can see, from the look-out, the dust and black smoke
Where Chinese troops are camping, north of Wheel Tower.
...Our flags now beckon the General farther west-
With bugles in the dawn he rouses his Grand Army;
Drums like a tempest pound on four sides
And the Yin Mountains shake with the shouts of ten thousand;
Clouds and the war-wind whirl up in a point
Over fields where grass-roots will tighten around white bones;
In the Dagger River mist, through a biting wind,
Horseshoes, at the Sand Mouth line, break on icy boulders.
...Our General endures every pain, every hardship,
Commanded to settle the dust along the border.
We have read, in the Green Books, tales of old days-
But here we behold a living man, mightier than the dead.
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